Peru is a popular tourist destination offering extraordinary Inca heritage and natural beauty, but crime including armed robbery, mugging, and express kidnapping occurs, particularly in Lima (Callao, San Juan de Lurigancho) and other urban areas. The tourist circuits of Cusco, Machu Picchu, the Sacred Valley, and Lake Titicaca are generally safe with reputable operators. The VRAEM coca-growing region and some areas of the Huallaga Valley should be avoided due to drug trafficking and remnant Shining Path activity. Altitude sickness is a concern in Cusco (3,400m) and higher. Medical facilities in Lima are good; highland and jungle areas are limited. Kaharagian nationals should exercise increased caution and avoid known high-risk areas.